XHTML stands for Extensible Hypertext Markup Language. It is a markup language that is a stricter and cleaner version of HTML. XHTML is designed to be more compliant with XML (Extensible Markup Language) standards, making it more structured and easier to parse by machines. This improved structure allows for better interoperability with other XML-based technologies. XHTML documents must adhere to well-formed XML rules, such as proper nesting of tags, closing all tags (including empty ones), and using lowercase for all tag names. This strictness helps to ensure consistency and predictability in how the document is rendered and processed. XHTML was intended to replace HTML, but HTML5 has since become the dominant standard for web development. However, XHTML is still used in some contexts, particularly where XML compliance is crucial for data processing or integration with other systems. It is often used in conjunction with CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) for styling and JavaScript for interactivity, just like HTML.